روستا و توسعه

روستا و توسعه

ارزیابی سطح توسعه یافتگی مناطق روستایی براساس عوامل ساختاری – کارکردی (مورد مطالعه: دهستان‌های شهرستان شهربابک)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
لیلا جلال آبادی 1
افسون مهدوی 2
حجت الله شرفی 3
1 استادیار گروه گردشگری و هتل داری، مجتمع آموزش عالی بم، بم، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمان، کرمان، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.
10.30490/rvt.2024.363910.1557
چکیده
شناخت و تبیین سطوح توسعه ­یافتگی نواحی روستایی، نقش مهمی در برنامه­ ریزی توسعه روستایی ایفا می­ کند. هدف تحقیق حاضر، ارزیابی و رتبه­ بندی میزان توسعه ­یافتگی دهستان­ های شهرستان شهربابک در استان کرمان است تا از این طریق مشکلات و محدودیت ­های دهستان­ های مورد مطالعه، شناسایی و برای حل آن­ها اقدامات لازم صورت پذیرد. پژوهش حاضر ازنظر هـدف کـاربردی و از لحاظ روش توصـیفی-تحلیلـی اسـت. در راسـتای گـردآوری داده­ هـا از روش کتابخانه­ ای و میدانی استفاده شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ های حاصل از پرسش­نامه ­ها و تعیین اولویت­ بندی، شش معیار اصلی (محیطی- اکولوژیک، کالبدی، اجتماعی- فرهنگی، اقتصادی، مدیریتی و ساختار فضایی) و 47 زیر معیار تکنیک تحلیل ­شبکه­ و برای رتبه ‏بندی دهستان ­ها ازنظر شاخص­ های توسعه یافتگی از روش تاپسیس استفاده شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش، شش دهستان بخش مرکزی شهرستان شهربابک با جمعیت ۱۰۳۹۷5 نفر است که حجم نمونه مورد مطالعه براساس فرمول کوکران 382 نفر برآورد شد. یافته­ های پژوهش نشان داد که دهستان­ های استبرق، میمند و باقلعه در طبقه­ محروم و ناپایدار و دهستان­ های خورسند و خاتون­ آباد در سطح برخوردار و پایدار جای گرفته­ اند و دهستان مدوارات در جایگاه نیمه برخوردار و نیمه پایدار قرار دارد. بررسی وضعیت کلی مبین شرایط نامناسب حاکم بر دهستان­ های بخش مرکزی شهرستان شهربابک است. بنابراین انجام اقدامات لازم نیازمند توجه جدی مدیران و برنامه ­ریزان روستایی و منطقه­ ای است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
توسعه یافتگی
توسعه روستایی
عوامل ساختاری–کارکردی
شهربابک (شهرستان)

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Measurement and Evaluation of the Level of Development of Rural Areas Based on Structural – Functional Factors (Case Study: Rural Districts of Shahrbabak County)

نویسندگان English

L. Jalalabadi 1
A. Mahdavi 2
H. Sharafi 3
1 Assistant Professor in Department of Tourism and Hotel Management, Higher Education Complex of Bam, Bam, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Literature and Humanities University of Shahid Bahonar Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction
Recognizing and explaining the levels of development in rural areas, and understanding the extent of their deprivation and progress through quantitative and statistical methods, is crucial for rural development planning. Examining various social and economic indicators to determine the condition of villages can be effective in formulating development strategies. Shahrbabak County in Kerman province is known for its abundance of mines yet lacks adequate facilities and services, and even the few facilities are not evenly distributed, especially in its central villages. This uneven distribution has led to high rates of emigration in some villages and high rates of immigration in others. The purpose of this research is to evaluate and rank the development level of the rural areas of Shahrbabak County in Kerman province to identify problems and limitations and implement necessary solutions. The main question this study seeks to answer is: What is the level of development in the rural areas of Shahrbabak in terms of physical, ecological-environmental, cultural-social, spatial, economic, and administrative aspects?
Materials and Methods
This research is applied in purpose and utilizes a descriptive-analytical method. Data collection methods include library research and fieldwork. The statistical population consists of six districts in the central part of Shahrbabak with a total population of 10,3975 people, and a sample size of 382 people was determined using the Cochran formula. Simple random sampling was employed, and data were collected through questionnaires. Data analysis involved prioritizing six main criteria (physical, ecological-environmental, cultural-social, spatial, economic, and administrative) and 47 sub-criteria, using the Analytical Network Process (ANP) technique to assess the interdependence of development elements, and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to rank villages based on development.
Results and Discussion
The research findings indicate that villages like Istabarq, Maymand, and Baghaleh fall into the deprived and unstable category, while Khorsand and Khatun Abad are classified as rich and stable. Madowarat village is positioned between privileged and stable. The overall conditions in the rural areas of the central part of Shahrbabak are unfavorable due to the lack of proper distribution of facilities and services, leading to developmental challenges. The disparities among rural districts stem from a lack of a comprehensive rural development approach, resulting in unbalanced development. To achieve comprehensive and balanced development, there is a need for accurate knowledge and optimal planning at both national and regional levels to bridge the gaps between privileged and underprivileged areas.
Conclusions
Based on the findings highlighting development inequality in the studied villages, it is recommended to tailor development plans in the central sector to the specific needs and resources of the area. Conducting detailed studies in social, economic, physical, administrative, spatial, and ecological areas can help identify potential opportunities in agriculture, animal husbandry, and their integration with other sectors to enhance rural development in the central sector.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Development
Rural Development
Structural – Functional Factors
Shahrbabak County
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