تحلیل شکاف وضعیت موجود و مورد انتظار تأثیر گردشگری روستایی بر معیشت پایدار خانوارهای روستایی: مورد مطالعه روستای کلوان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

5 محقق مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از راهکارها برای بازگرداندن ساکنان بومی به روستاها و یا حفظ جمعیت روستاها بدون آسیب به بافت و طبیعت آ‌ن­ها توسعه گردشگری روستایی است. بر این اساس، هدف تحقیق حاضر تحلیل شکاف بین وضعیت موجود و مورد انتظار تأثیر گردشگری روستایی بر معیشت پایدار خانوارهای روستایی است. تحقیق حاضر ازلحاظ هدف، کاربردی و ازلحاظ روش، توصیفی-پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل 224 خانوار روستای کلوان بودند که با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان، 135 خانوار به­عنوان نمونه مورد مطالعه شناسایی شدند. نتایج بررسی شکاف بین وضع موجود و مورد انتظار، حاکی از آن است که امتیاز وضعیت مورد انتظار در مقایسه با وضعیت موجود تأثیر گردشگری در هریک از ابعاد معیشت پایدار روستایی به‌ طور معنی‌داری بالاتر است. نتایج نشان داد که بین وضعیت مورد انتظار و موجود ابعاد نهادی-ساختاری، اقتصادی-مالی و منابع ‌طبیعی-زیست‌محیطی به ترتیب بیشترین شکاف وجود دارد. لذا توجه به این ابعاد از جمله معرفی روستای کلوان به­عنوان مقصد گردشگری از طریق رسانه‌های جمعی و نیز فراهم‌سازی شرایط لازم در پایدارسازی معیشت خانوارهای روستای کلوان و ماندگاری آن­ها در روستا کمک شایانی خواهد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Gap Analysis of Current and Expected Situation of the Impact of Rural Tourism on Sustainable Livelihoods of Rural Households: A Case Study of Kalvan Village

نویسندگان [English]

  • N. Bashiri 1
  • H. Farhadian 2
  • E. Abbasi 3
  • M.H. Vakilpoor 4
  • H. Moumeni Helali 5
1 MSc Graduated, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
5 Researcher of Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction
The village, as the basis of the system and due to its position at different levels of the development process, plays an important role in the life and prosperity of any society. Agriculture as the dominant activity in the village has a decisive role in providing independence and food security.  Agriculture has many capacities, and it is very important to use these capacities in order to provide a sustainable livelihood and maintain the population of the villagers. One of these capacities is benefiting from rural tourism. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to analyze the gap between the current and expected situation of the impact of rural tourism on sustainable livelihoods of rural households.
Materials and Methods
The present research is applied of view point of its purpose and is a descriptive-survey in terms of its method. The statistical population of the study included 224 households in Kalvan village. Using Krejcie and Morgan table, 135 households were identified as the sample participated in this study. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, a questionnaire was used to collect data. The reliability of the research tool was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software was used.
Results and Discussion
Examining the gap between the current and the expected situation, the results indicate that the expected situation score is significantly higher than the current situation score of the impact of tourism in each of the dimensions of sustainable rural livelihood. The results showed that there is the largest gap between the expected and current status of dimensions of institutional-structural, economic-financial and natural-environmental resources, respectively. Therefore, paying attention to these dimensions, including the introduction of Kalvan village as a tourist destination through mass media, as well as providing the necessary conditions to stabilize the livelihood of Kalvan village households and their permanence in the village will be of great help.
Conclusions
The key message of this study was based on the principle that the expectations of people living in Kelvan village on the sustainability of livelihood assets due to tourism have not been met to a large extent. The need to address the expectations of the target community (tourist areas) is related to the coordination among different organizations, including the tourism organization, the environmental organization, and the agricultural jahad organization of the province, as well as other related institutions. On the other hand, culturalization of the proper use of natural resources by tourists should be paid attention to by those in charge.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rural Tourism
  • Multifunctional Agriculture
  • Sustainable Rural Livelihood
  • Kalvan Village

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