تحلیل دستاوردها و موانع صندوق‌های اعتبارات خرد زنان روستایی، مورد مطالعه: استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مدیریت کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

صندوق اعتبارات خُرد، سازوکاری برای بسیج منابع مالی و اعطای وام­های کوچک به­منظور راه­اندازی فعالیت­های درآمدزای پایدار و تقویت مشارکت زنان در روند توسعه روستایی است. این تحقیق توصیفی- پیمایشی با هدف شناسایی دستاوردها و موانع صندوق­های اعتبارات خرد زنان روستایی در سال 1398 در استان گلستان انجام شد. جامعه­ آماری تحقیق 913 نفر از اعضای نوزده صندوق­ اعتبارات خرد زنان روستایی در استان گلستان بودند. با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان و نمونه­گیری تصادفی طبقه­ای، تعداد 226 نفر از آنان به­عنوان نمونه تحقیق انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری داده­ها از پرسش­نامه­ محقق­ساخته استفاده شد که روایی آن با نظر متخصصان تأیید شد. پایایی پرسش­نامه با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ محاسبه شد که مقدار آن برای بخش دستاوردها 91/0 و برای بخش موانع 84/0 به دست آمد. یافته­های پژوهش نشان داد در مجموع حدود 61 درصد واریانس دستاوردهای صندوق­ها را نه دستاورد شامل اجتماعی، اشتغال، کار تولیدی جمعی، مهارت کارآفرینانه، اتکا به خود، کنترل و دسترسی به منابع مالی، پذیرش مسئولیت، برابری جنسیتی و ثبات خانواده و 6/63 درصد واریانس موانع فعالیت صندوق­ها را ده مورد شامل مشارکت، فقدان حمایت دولتی، بی‏اعتمادی، فردی، فرهنگی-اقتصادی، وابستگی و عدم استقلال، فقر خانوادگی، فقدان کنترل، پوشش و مخاطرات تبیین می­کنند. تمرکز فعالیت­های صندوق بر تحقق تمام اهداف به گونه­ای متوازن با تأکید بر آموزش اعضا و فراهم­سازی زمینه­ها و بسترهای فکری و عملی لازم برای ارتقاء مشارکت اعضا در تصمیم‏گیری­ها از پیشنهادهای این مطالعه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Achievements and Barriers of Rural Women Micro Credit Funds, Case Study: Golestan Province

نویسنده [English]

  • M.R. Mahboobi
Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agricultural Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The micro credit fund is a mechanism for mobilizing financial resources and granting small loans in order to launch sustainable income-generating activities and strengthen women's participation in the rural development process. This descriptive and survey research, aimed to identify achievements and barriers ahead the micro credit funds of rural women in 2019 in Golestan province. The statistical population of the study was 913 members of 19 rural women micro credit funds in Golestan province. Using Krejcie and Morgan table and stratified random sampling, 226 of them were selected as research samples. Data gathered through a researcher made questionnaire and its face validity was confirmed by experts. The reliability analysis was calculated with Cronbach alpha coefficient and it was 0.91 for achievements section and 0.84 for barriers section. The research findings showed that 9 achievements consist of social, occupation, group production work, entrepreneurial, self reliance, control on financial resources, responsibility acceptance, family stable and gender equity, explain about 61% cumulative variance of the funds’ achievements and 10 barriers consist of participation barrier, barrier the loss of governmental support, mistrust barrier, individual barrier, cultural-economical barrier, dependence barrier and lack of independence, family poverty barrier, lack of control barrier, cover barrier and hazards, explain 63.6­ % cumulative variance of barriers ahead the funds. This study recommended the focus of the fund's activities on achieving all the goals in a balanced way, with an emphasis on educating members and providing the necessary intellectual and practical contexts to promote members' participation in decision-making.    

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Development
  • Rural Woman
  • Achievements
  • Barriers
  • Micro Credits

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