واکاوی موانع و تنگناهای توسعه بوم‌گردی عشایری (مورد مطالعه: عشایر استان چهارمحال و بختیاری)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول و استادیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه حضرت معصومه (س)، قم، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه حضرت معصومه (س)، قم، ایران

چکیده

در حالی که ایران از نظر منابع طبیعی و گردشگری جزو ده کشور برتر جهان است اما تنها یک درصد از درآمد جهانی گردشگری را به خود اختصاص داده است. استان چهارمحال و بختیاری به علت برخورداری از موقعیت ممتاز جغرافیایی، گردشگری و استراحتگاهی، در مقوله گردشگری از ظرفیت بالقوه بالایی برخوردار است. این استان به دلیل حضور عشایر در منطقه و جاذبه‌ای که حضور آن­ها برای گردشگران ایجاد می‌کند در بحث بوم‌گردی عشایری جزو پیشگامان این صنعت به شمار می‌آید. لیکن هنوز موانع زیادی بر سر راه توسعه ظرفیت بوم‌گردی عشایری در استان وجود دارد. لذا هدف از این پژوهش شناسایی موانع توسعه بوم­گردی عشایری در این استان به­ویژه شهرستان کوهرنگ است. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی؛ از نظر روش، اکتشافی و از حیث نحوه گردآوری داده‌ها کیفی است. جامعه آماری را خبرگان حوزه گردشگری و آشنا با عشایر منطقه تشکیل می‌دهد. روش نمونه‌گیری از نوع غیراحتمالی و گلوله برفی است و تعداد 15 خبره بر اساس حد کفایت نمونه‌گیری و قاعده اشباع نظری انتخاب شدند. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها به شیوه مصاحبه‌ نیمه ساختاریافته است. با تحلیل مصاحبه‌ها، موانع توسعه بوم­گردی عشایری در قالب 63 مضمون پایه، ده مضمون سازمان‌دهنده و شش مضمون فراگیر به دست آمد. مضامین فراگیر عبارتند از: ضعف زیرساخت‌ها، ضعف حمایت‌های دولتی، محدودیت‌های زیست‌محیطی، ضعف سرمایه اجتماعی-فرهنگی و ضعف سازوکار جذب گردشگر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Obstacles and Problems of Nomadic Ecotourism Development (Case Study: Nomads of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Abbasi 1
  • N. Nazarizadeh Dehkordi 2
1 Corresponding Author and Assistant Professor, Department of Business Management, Faculty of Humanities, Hazrat-e Masoumeh University (HMU), Qom
2 MA of Business Management, Department of Business Management, Faculty of Humanities, Hazrat-e Masoumeh University (HMU), Qom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

While Iran is among the top ten countries in the world in terms of natural resources and tourism but it accounts for only one percent of global tourism income. Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province has a high potential in the field of tourism due to its privileged geographical position, tourism and resort. This province is one of the pioneers of industry of nomadic ecotourism due to the presence of nomads in the region and the attraction that their presence creates for tourists. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify barriers to the development of nomadic ecotourism in this province, especially Koohrang city. The current research is applied in terms of purpose, exploratory in terms of method and qualitative in terms of data collection. The statistical population consists of experts in the field of tourism and familiar with the nomads of the region. The sampling method is non-probability and snowball and 15 experts were selected based on sampling adequacy and theoretical saturation rule. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. By analyzing the interviews, the obstacles to the development of nomadic ecotourism in the form of 63 basic themes, 10 organizing themes and 6 comprehensive themes were obtained. The pervasive themes are: weak infrastructure, weak governmental support, environmental constraints, weak socio-cultural capital and weak tourist attraction mechanism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tourism industry
  • Nomads
  • Nomadic ecotourism
  • Eco-lodge

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