اعتبارات مالی و نقش آن در مهاجرت روستایی: مطالعه موردی استان خراسان رضوی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

 امروزه، با مهاجرت‌های روستایی،  فعالیت‌های کشاورزی در مناطق روستایی با مشکلاتی از قبیل کمبود نیروی کار، سالخوردگی روستائیان و  بازده پایین تولید مواجه شده است. در این راستا، مطالعه حاضر به بررسی اثرات دسترسی به اعتبارات مالی رسمی و غیررسمی بر مهاجرت پرداخت. به‌منظور تحلیل داده های پژوهش، الگوی لاجیت ترتیبی چندسطحی برای 397 خانوار استان خراسان رضوی استفاده شد. نتایج کلی تحقیق نشان داد که با افزایش دسترسی به اعتبارات رسمی بالاتر از بیست میلیون تومان احتمال قرار گرفتن خانوارها در گروه «رضایت‌مندی زیاد از اقامت در روستا» افزایش و احتمال قرار گرفتن خانوارها در گروه «رضایت‌مندی کم و متوسط از اقامت در روستا» کاهش می‌یابد؛ همچنین، دسترسی خانوارها به اعتبارات غیررسمی، احتمال قرار گرفتن آنها در گروه «رضایت‌مندی کم و متوسط از اقامت در روستا» را افزایش و احتمال قرار گرفتن خانوارها در گروه «رضایت‌مندی زیاد از اقامت در روستا» را کاهش می‌دهد. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر، سیاست‌گذاران می‌توانند با گسترش و اعطای اعتبارات مالی رسمی، نقشی تاثیرگذار در افزایش رضایت روستاییان و کاهش تمایل آنها به مهاجرت از روستا ایفا کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Financial Credits and Its Role in Rural Migration: A Case Study of Razavi Khorasan Province of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • S.Kh. Etezad 1
  • M. Daneshvar Kakhki 2
  • H. Mohammadi 3
1 PhD Student in Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Today, due to rural migration, agricultural activities in rural areas face problems such as labor shortages, aging of rural people and low productivity. In this regard, this study aimed at examining the effects of access to formal and informal financial credit on migration. To analyze the required data, the multilevel order logit model was used for 397 households from Razavi Khorasan province of Iran. The general results of the research showed that an  increase in access to financial credits above 200 million IR rials would lead to an increased probability of households being in the group of ‘high satisfaction with rural residence’ and a decreased probability of households being in the group of ‘low and medium satisfaction with rural residence’; in addition, households' access to informal loans would increase their probability of being in the group of ‘low and medium satisfaction with rural residence’ and decrease the probability of households being in the group of ‘high satisfaction with rural residence’. Based on the study findings, by expanding and granting the formal financial credits, policy makers can play an effective role in increasing the satisfaction of the rural people and reducing their willingness to rural migration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rural Migration
  • Financial Institutions
  • Microcredit
  • Formal and Informal Access
  • Order Logit

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