بررسی اقتصادی و اجتماعی توسعه کشت کم‌نهاده برنج در استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویجی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی فناوری تولید برنج ارگانیک، سازمان جهاد کشاورزی مازندران، ساری، ایران.

3 استادیار بخش حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر، به بررسی اقتصادی- اجتماعی و امکان‏سنجی توسعه کشت برنج با مصرف کمتر نهاده‌های شیمیایی در مقایسه با روش‌های رایج کشت این محصول در استان مازندران پرداخته شد. بدین منظور، با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌بندی‌شده، از بین دوازده هزار بهره‌بردار، تعداد 722 بهره‌بردار در سال 1396 انتخاب و اطلاعات لازم از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه از آنها گردآوری شد. تحلیل داده‌ها، با استفاده از رگرسیون چندمتغیره لاجیت، با لحاظ متغیر ریسک انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که کشت برنج به روش کم‌نهاده منجر به کاهش هزینه‌های تولید و سود اقتصادی بیشتر می‌شود و فایده زیست‌محیطی و اجتماعی آن نیز به جامعه برمی‌گردد. همچنین، نتایج حاصل از برآورد رگرسیون نشان داد که متغیرهای پاداش ریسک، تعداد دفعات نصب تریکو کارت، به‌کارگیری فناوری کم‌نهاده در زمین‌های مجاور، تجربه به‌کارگیری تولید به روش کم‌نهاده، شرکت در کلاس‌های ترویجی، و ارزش محصول در هکتار بیشترین اثر مثبت معنی‌دار و سطح زیر کشت در سال قبل، سن، و تعداد قطعات اراضی بیشترین اثر منفی معنی‌دار را در پذیرش کشت برنج به روش کم‌نهاده دارند. بر پایه نتایج پژوهش، با آزاد‏سازی قیمت نهاده‌های شیمیایی، در اختیار قرار دادن نهاده‌های طبیعی به‌صورت یارانه‌ای، سرعت بخشیدن به یکپارچه‌سازی اراضی، آموزش کشاورزان در زمینه استفاده بهینه از نهاده‌های کشاورزی و با مشارکت شالی‌کاران، می‌توان روش تولید کم‌نهاده برنج را جایگزین روش سنتی کرد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Economic and Social Evaluation of Low-Input Rice Cultivation Development in Mazandaran Province of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Asadpour 1
  • M. Nazemnejad 2
  • A. Alipour Nakhi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Economic, Social and Extension Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Sari, Iran.
2 MSc. Graduate in Organic Rice Production Technology Engineering, Agricultural Jihad Organization of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This aimed at examining the socio-economic and feasibility of rice cultivation development with lower consumption of chemical inputs compared to conventional cultivation methods in Mazandaran province of Iran. For this purpose, using the classified random sampling method, 722 users were selected in 2017 out of 12000 users, and necessary data and information were collected by completing the questionnaire. Statistical analysis of the data was performed in terms of risk variable using Logit multivariate regression. The results showed that low-input rice cultivation led to lower production costs and higher economic profits as well as its environmental and social benefits to society. The results of regression estimation showed that the variables of risk reward, the number of times the Trico card was installed, the use of low-input technology in adjacent lands, the experience of low-input production, participation in promotional classes, and product value per hectare had the most significant positive effect and the area under cultivation in the previous year, age, and the number of land plots had the most significant negative effect on the adoption of low-input rice cultivation. Also, the results showed that by liberalizing the price of chemical inputs, providing natural inputs as subsidies, accelerating land consolidation, educating farmers on the optimal use of agricultural inputs, and with the participation of paddy farmers, the traditional method could be replaced by the low-input rice cultivation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Low-Input Rice
  • Logit Regression
  • Risk

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