روستا و توسعه

روستا و توسعه

ضرورت‌های کاربست برنامه توانبخشی مبتنی بر جامعه برای توانمندسازی کارآفرینانه معلولین مناطق روستایی استان کرمانشاه: یک رویکرد کیفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
بیژن رضایی 1
ایوب پژوهان 2
خدیجه عزیزی 3
معین سلیمانی 4
1 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشکده اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشجوی دکتری کارآفرینی، گروه مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشکده اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
4 دکتری کارآفرینی، گروه مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشکده اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
10.30490/rvt.2025.367385.1649
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی ضرورت‌های کاربست برنامه توانبخشی مبتنی بر جامعه برای توانمندسازی کارآفرینانه معلولین در مناطق روستایی استان کرمانشاه انجام شد. پژوهش ازنظر هدف کاربردی و از لحاظ روش پژوهش، کیفی و از نوع مطالعات اکتشافی بود. جامعه مورد مطالعه پژوهش را خبرگان دانشگاهی در رشته‌های کارآفرینی، اقتصاد، مدیریت کسب ‌و کار، روان­شناسی و علوم بهزیستی؛ کارشناسان بهزیستی و سازمان‌های ذی‌ربط که با امر اشتغال افراد معلول در ارتباط هستند؛ و نیز افراد معلول کارآفرین تشکیل دادند. نمونه‌گیری به­ روش نظری و هدفمند و از نوع گلوله برفی تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری ادامه یافت. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته عمیق گردآوری شدند. روایی پژوهش با استفاده از روش­هایی نظیر درگیری طولانی‌مدت و مشاهده مداوم، انتخاب نمونه‌های مناسب، گردآوری و تحلیل هم­زمان داده‌ها و بازنگری توسط مشارکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش، در سال 1403 مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. پایایی پژوهش نیز، با استفاده از روش پایایی بازآزمون هولستی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. با استفاده از فرایند کدگذاری باز، 81 کد اولیه، 15 مفهوم اصلی و 6 مقوله در راستای ضرورت‌های کاربست برنامه توانبخشی مبتنی بر جامعه برای توانمندسازی کارآفرینانه معلولان، احصاء گردید. یافته ­های پژوهش حاکی از این بود که شش مقوله­ توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی افراد معلول، پایداری اقتصادی، کاهش مهاجرت، کاهش فقر و نابرابری اقتصادی، نیاز به برنامه ­ریزی برای تقویت زیرساخت‌های محلی و خدماتی، اجرای تعهدات قانونی و بین‌المللی، تأثیر بحران‌های طبیعی و اقلیمی و ضرورت بهره‌گیری از فرصت‌های شغلی موجود، از ضرورت‌های کاربست برنامه توانبخشی مبتنی بر جامعه برای توانمندسازی کارآفرینانه معلولان ساکن در مناطق روستایی استان کرمانشاه است. به طور کلی، تقویت آموزش‌ها و کسب مهارت­های فنی­ و­ حرفه‌ای، ایجاد فرصت‌های کارآفرینانه و شغلی پایدار، تنوع در الگوهای کسب‌ و کار، اجرای اثربخش قوانین حمایتی و توانمندسازی روانی و مهارتی، می ­تواند در توانمندسازی کارآفرینانه معلولین مناطق روستایی تأثیرگذار باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
کارآفرینی
توانمندسازی کارآفرینانه
توانبخشی مبتنی بر جامعه
معلولین
استان کرمانشاه

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Needs of Implementing a Community-Based Empowerment Program for Empowering Entrepreneurial People with Disabilities in Rural Areas of Kermanshah Province: A Qualitative Approach

نویسندگان English

B. Rezaee 1
A. Pazhouhan 2
Kh. Azizi 3
M. Soleimani 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D. Student in Entrepreneurship, Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
4 Ph.D. in Entrepreneurship, Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده English

Abstract
Introduction
Employment plays a crucial role in people's lives, affecting their relationships, health, and overall well-being. However, individuals with disabilities often face exclusion from the labor market. This study focuses on identifying the needs for implementing a community-based rehabilitation program to empower disabled individuals in rural areas of Kermanshah province.
Materials and Methods
The research community consisted of university experts in the fields of entrepreneurship, economics, business management, psychology, and welfare sciences; welfare experts and related organizations involved in the employment of disabled individuals; and disabled entrepreneurs. Sampling continued using theoretical and purposeful sampling methods until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The validity of the research was confirmed in 1403 through methods such as long-term engagement, continuous observation, selection of appropriate samples, simultaneous data collection and analysis, and review by research participants. The reliability of the research was also confirmed using the Holistic Re-test reliability method. Through open coding, 81 initial codes, 15 main concepts, and 6 themes related to the needs of implementing a community-based empowerment program for disabled entrepreneurs were identified.
Results and Discussion
The study identified key needs for implementing a community-based rehabilitation program, including attention to individual differences, economic sustainability, reducing migration, poverty alleviation, infrastructure development, legal compliance, climate crisis resilience, and leveraging local job opportunities.
Conclusions
The study emphasizes the importance of addressing individual differences, ensuring economic sustainability, preventing migration, reducing poverty, strengthening local infrastructure, meeting legal obligations, addressing climate crises, and utilizing local job opportunities for the entrepreneurial empowerment of disabled individuals inrural areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Entrepreneurship
Empowerment
Rehabilitation
Disabilities
Kermanshah Province
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