روستا و توسعه

روستا و توسعه

چالش ­های زنان در جامعه روستایی شهرستان دماوند در دستیابی به معیشت پایدار: دهستان ابرشیوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،، بیرجند، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی پایدار، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران.
چکیده
علی ­رغم نقش­ های حیاتی اقتصادی و اجتماعی که زنان روستایی در شهرستان دماوند ایفا می­ کنند، با موانع قابل توجهی مواجه هستند. بنابراین هدف اصلی این تحقیق، شناسایی چالش­ های معیشت پایدار زنان روستایی در این شهرستان است. این تحقیق با جامعه آماری 976 نفر از زنان روستایی دهستان ابرشیوه در شهرستان دماوند انجام شد. با استفاده از جدول مورگان 201 نفر از زنان بر طبق روش نمونه­ گیری طبقه­ ای برای شرکت در تحقیق انتخاب شدند. داده­ ها به روش ترکیبی (کمی و کیفی) جمع­ آوری شدند. مصاحبه­ های نیمه­ساختارمند با 15 نفر از زنان روستایی در بخش کیفی انجام شد و در بخش کمی، پرسش­نامه­ ای بر اساس تحلیل محتوای داده­ های کیفی تنظیم شد. روایی پرسش­نامه­ ها توسط صاحب­ نظران تأیید و پایایی آن با آزمون مقدماتی و با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (0/87) تأیید شد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان داد که محدودیت­ های معیشت پایدار زنان روستایی در پنج عامل (موانع اجتماعی- فرهنگی، مالی، جنسیتی، شخصیتی و خانوادگی) خلاصه می­ شود که در مجموع 71 درصد واریانس کل را تبیین کردند. مهمترین عامل، موانع اجتماعی- فرهنگی بود که شامل متغیرهایی مانند بافت مردسالاری، تعصبات خانوادگی و ناامنی اجتماعی بود. برای بهبود وضعیت زنان روستایی، اجرای برنامه­ های آموزشی، سازمان­دهی زنان روستایی در قالب گروه ­ها و شبکه­ ها، ارائه اعتبارات خرد و وام­ های کوچک و بهبود دسترسی به مراقبت­ های بهداشتی و خدمات اجتماعی و تشویق مشارکت آن­ ها در فرایندهای تصمیم­ گیری پیشنهاد شده است. 
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Challenges Faced by Rural Women of Damavand County in Achieving Sustainable Livelihoods: Abarshiveh District

نویسندگان English

M. Kerdari 1
K. Roosta 2
M.S. Sabouri 3
1 PhD Student in Agricultural Extension and Education, Islamic Azad Birjand University, Birjand, Iran.
2 Associate Professor in Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Islamic Azad Birjand University, Birjand, Iran.
3 Associate Professor in Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Ga.c., Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran.
چکیده English

Abstract
Introduction
Rural women in the Abarshiveh District of Damavand County encounter various challenges in attaining sustainable livelihoods. This study aims to identify these obstacles and propose strategies for empowering women in the local economy
Methodology
This study employs a mixed-methods approach, conducting 15 semi-structured interviews and distributing a structured questionnaire to 201 rural women. Data analysis was done using SPSS and factor analysis to identify key challenges.
Results and Discussion
Five main categories of challenges were identified: 1. Social and Cultural Barriers; 2. Financial Barriers; 3. Gender-Based Barriers; 4. Personal Barriers; and 5. Family Barriers. These barriers hinder women's economic independence and community development. Strategies to empower women include educational programs, credit funds, promoting women's roles in decision-making, creating networks and cooperatives, and improving transportation infrastructure.
Conclusion
Addressing these challenges through targeted interventions can enhance rural women's livelihoods and contribute to overall community development.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Obstacles
Rural Development
Rural Women
Sustainable Livelihoods
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