روستا و توسعه

روستا و توسعه

تحلیل عوامل پیش برنده توسعه اشتغال زنان روستایی در شهرستان شوشتر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
زهرا سلطانی 1
مجید گودرزی 1
محمد وردی پور 2
1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
10.30490/rvt.2025.367205.1625
چکیده
توسعه اشتغال زنان روستایی به‌عنوان یکی از مهمترین راهبردهای توانمندسازی اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ارتقای رفاه در جوامع روستایی در سال‌های اخیر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. بااین‌حال، زنان روستایی در شهرستان شوشتر همچنان با چالش‌هایی نظیر محدودیت دسترسی به منابع مالی، آموزشی و فناوری، کمبود فرصت‌های شغلی پایدار و ضعف در حمایت‌های نهادی و زیرساختی مواجه هستند. این موانع نه ‌تنها باعث کاهش مشارکت اقتصادی زنان شده، بلکه توسعه پایدار روستایی را نیز تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. بر این اساس، شناسایی و تحلیل عوامل پیش‌برنده اشتغال زنان در منطقه می‌تواند به طراحی سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌های کارآمد برای بهبود شرایط اشتغال و توانمندسازی آنان کمک کند. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و بر اساس ماهیت و روش، توصیفی‌-‌ تحلیلی است که رویکرد حاکم بر آن، کمی و کیفی است. جهت تجزیه‌ و تحلیل داده­ ها و آزمون فرضیه ­های پژوهش از روش معادلات ساختاری استفاده‌ شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که مدل از شاخص‌های برازش مناسب برخوردار است و بر همین اساس مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. به‌عبارت‌دیگر، عوامل پیش­برنده شناسایی ‌شده در پژوهش بر اشتغال زنان روستایی تأثیر معناداری دارند و مدل تأیید شده نیز بیانگر این امر است. در این ­میان، عوامل نهادی نسبت به سایر عوامل تأثیر بیشتری دارد. پس‌ازآن، به ترتیب عوامل فرهنگی، آموزشی، اجتماعی و محیطی در رتبه‌های بعد قرار دارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اشتغال
توسعه
زنان روستایی
معادلات ساختاری
شهرستان شوشتر

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing the Factors Affecting Rural Women’s Employment Development in Shushtar Township

نویسندگان English

Z. Soltani 1
M. Goodarzi 1
M. Vardipor 2
1 Associate Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 MSc Student of Geography and Urban Rural, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده English

Abstract
Introduction
Women, constituting half of society's population, have a direct impact on societal development. Women's employment serves as a key indicator of social development, with a higher level of women's active participation in social affairs correlating with increased development in a country. Rural women, particularly in Iran, play a crucial role in the country's development, contributing to over half of the food production in rural areas. Achieving rural development goals necessitates an understanding of the current rural community's situation, with a focus on marginalized groups within it. Rural women, often overlooked in rural development programs due to economic, social, and cultural factors, are a group that requires more attention from planners and stakeholders in rural development, especially in third-world countries like Iran.
Materials and Methods
This study utilized a descriptive-analytical research approach, collecting data through a questionnaire and employing structural equation modeling. The statistical population comprised rural women aged 15 to 65 in Shushtar Township, with a sample size of 365 individuals selected through simple random sampling. The questionnaire, consisting of 47 questions on a five-point Likert scale, was designed based on key indicators dentified through theoretical studies and expert interviews. The questionnaire's validity and reliability were confirmed, and data collection was conducted in coordination with rural municipalities.
 
Results and Discussion
The research findings indicated that various factors significantly influenced rural women's employment, with institutional factors exerting the most substantial impact. Factors such as cultural, educational, social  and environmental aspects also played significant roles in promoting rural women's employment.
Conclusions
To enhance rural women's employment, focusing on cultural, institutional, social, environmental, and educational factors is essential. By addressing these factors and implementing targeted interventions, the development of rural women's employment can be effectively promoted

کلیدواژه‌ها English

employment
development
rural women
structural equation modeling
Shushtar Township
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