روستا و توسعه

روستا و توسعه

اثرات راهبردهای انطباقی بر امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی در حوضه آبریز بختگان و طشک: کاربرد رویکرد تطبیق نمرات تمایل (PSM)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
نوید کارگر ده بیدی 1
منصور زیبایی 2
محمد حسن طرازکار 3
1 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویجی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.
2 استاد بخش اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
3 دانشیار بخش اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
10.30490/rvt.2024.366593.1611
چکیده
بخش کشاورزی همواره آسیب‌پذیری بالایی در برابر تغییر اقلیم داشته و این موضوع امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی را تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. در این شرایط، مهمترین اقدام، بکارگیری راهبردهای انطباقی با تغییر اقلیم است. لذا در پژوهش پیش‌رو، اثر اتخاذ اقدامات تطبیقی بر امنیت غذایی با رویکرد تطبیق نمرات تمایل (PSM) و عوامل مؤثر بر اتخاذ راهبردهای تطبیقی با بهره‌گیری از مدل‌ پروبیت چندمتغیره در سطح حوضه آبریز بختگان و طشک مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. در این راستا، نمونه‌ای متشکل از 300 زارع جهت مصاحبه و جمع‌آوری داده‌های مورد نیاز خانوار با روش نمونه‌گیری چندمرحله‌ای در حوضه آبریز بختگان و طشک انتخاب شدند. نتایج رویکرد تطبیق نمرات تمایل نشان داد که چنانچه زارعین، راهبردهای تطبیقی تنوع فعالیت‌های معیشتی، نوین­ سازی سیستم‌های آبیاری، احداث استخرهای آبیاری و استفاده از ارقام اصلاح­ شده با نیاز آبی کم را اتخاذ نمایند، کالری روزانه دریافتی خانوارهای نمونه به ترتیب حدود 219/85، 182، 137/82 و 83/23 کالری افزایش می‌یابد. بنابراین، مهمترین راه‌ حل جهت تعدیل پیامدهای منفی تغییر اقلیم بر ناامنی غذایی، تنوع‌بخشی فعالیت‌های معیشتی است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از مدل‌ پروبیت چندمتغیره نشان داد که سن زارع، تحصیلات زارع، بعد خانوار، درآمد خانوار زارع، دسترسی به اعتبارات، دسترسی به آب آبیاری، مالکیت ماشین‌آلات کشاورزی، دسترسی به خدمات ترویج کشاورزی، تعداد محصولات کشت شده و کیفیت خاک به‌عنوان تعیین‌کننده‌های معنی‌دار راهبردهای تطبیقی محسوب می‌شوند. ازاین‌رو، پیشنهاد می‌شود که نتایج پژوهش به‌ویژه اثرات اتخاذ راهبردهای تطبیقی با تغییر اقلیم بر امنیت غذایی در تدوین برنامه‌های ملی امنیت ‌غذایی مدنظر قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
راهبردهای تطبیقی
رویکرد تطبیق نمرات تمایل
پروبیت چندمتغیره
حوضه آبریز بختگان و طشک

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Effects of Adaptation Strategies on Rural Household Food Security in Bakhtegan-Tashk Basin: Application of Propensity Score Matching (PSM) Approach

نویسندگان English

N. Kargar Dehbidi 1
M. Zibaei 2
M.H. Tarazkar 3
1 Assistant Professor, Economic, Social and Extension Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Urmia, Iran.
2 Professor of Agricultural Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Agricultural Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction
Food security is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that occurs when all people have physical, economic, and social access to sufficient and safe food for an active and healthy life at any time. On the other hand, food insecurity imposes a significant burden on society through healthcare and social costs. The achievement of food security is one of the most important national and international development concerns. Hence, one of the most important ways to improve food security is to pay special attention to the agricultural sector. However, this sector is the most vulnerable to the consequences of climate change, which ranks first among the ten most dangerous human phenomena. Therefore, it is essential to adopt appropriate strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change on food insecurity.
Materials and Methods
In this paper, the impact of adopting climate change adaptation strategies on food security was studied using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach. Factors influencing the adoption of climate change adaptation strategies were studied using a multi-variable probit model in Bakhtegan-Tashk basin. A total of 300 farmers were selected using a multi-stage sampling method in the Bakhtegan-Tashk basin.
Results and Discussion
The results of the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach showed that if farmers adopt climate change adaptation strategies such as diversification of livelihood activities, modern irrigation systems, construction of irrigation ponds, and use of low-water-need varieties, the household calorie intake of the sample households would increase by approximately 219.85, 182, 137.82, and 83.23 calories, respectively. Furthermore, the results of the multi-variable Probit model showed that the age of the farmer, education level, household size, household income, access to credit, irrigation water supply, ownership of agricultural machinery, access to agricultural extension services, number of crops planted, and soil quality are considered significant determinants of adaptive strategies.
Conclusions
According to the results, the most important solution to mitigate the negative consequences of climate change on food insecurity is to adopt the diversification of livelihood activities. It is therefore recommended that the research results, especially the effects of adopting adaptive strategies to climate change on food security, be taken into account in the formulation of national food security programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Adaptation Strategies
Propensity Score Matching Method
Multivariable Probit
Bakhtegan-Tashk Basin
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