روستا و توسعه

روستا و توسعه

ارزیابی آثار فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در توانمندسازی زنان روستایی: مطالعه موردی بخش کاغذکنان، استان آذربایجان شرقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
حسین فراهانی 1
صدیقه مظفری قره بلاغ 2
1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
2 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
10.30490/rvt.2024.363035.1543
چکیده
استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در تسهیل و تسریع بیشتر تبادل اطلاعات میان زنان روستا مفید و تأثیرگذار بوده و می‌تواند توانمندسازی آنان را در ابعاد مختلف به همراه داشته باشد. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی نقش فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در توانمندسازی زنان روستایی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق، زنان بالای 18 سال ساکن در نه روستای انتخاب شده با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده (روش قرعه­ کشی) بخش کاغذکنان استان آذربایجان شرقی است که دارای 2134 زن بالای 18 سال بود. تعداد نمونه لازم برای تکمیل پرسش‌نامه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 318 زن روستایی محاسبه شد. جهت گردآوری اطلاعات از روش کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی (پرسش‌نامه) استفاده شد. روایی پرسش­نامه با استفاده از نقطه ­نظرهای ده نفر از اساتید دانشگاه تبریز و زنجان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و اصلاحات لازم بر روی آن اعمال شد. جهت ارزیابی میزان پایایی شاخص‏ های تحقیق از روش آلفای کرونباخ برای 30 نمونه اولیه استفاده شد. مقدار آلفای کرونباخ برابر 75/0 به دست آمد که نشان دهنده مناسب بودن پایایی ابزار تحقیق است. جهت تحلیل مطلوبیت مؤلفه‌های توانمندسازی زنان از آزمون t تک ­نمونه‌ای استفاده شد. براساس نتایج آزمون، به ترتیب مؤلفه سیاسی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی بیشترین مطلوبیت را داشته‌اند و مؤلفه روان­شناختی نیز نامطلوب بوده است. همچنین نتایج معادلات ساختاری نشان داد فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بیشترین تأثیر را در توانمندسازی روان‌شناختی، سیاسی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی زنان روستایی به ترتیب با مقدار بار عاملی 0/481، 0/354، 0/301 و 0/247 دارند. ارتقای دسترسی زنان به فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات همراه با آموزش­ های مرتبط مهم­ترین پیشنهادهای تحقیق حاضر بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
توسعه انسانی
نابرابری جنسیتی
شکاف دیجیتالی
استان آذربایجان شرقی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of the Effects of Information and Communication Technology on the Empowerment of Rural Women: A Case Study of Kaghazkonan District, East Azarbaijan Province

نویسندگان English

H. Farahani 1
S. Mozaffari Qarah bolagh 2
1 Associate Professor of Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
2 PhD Student of Geography and Rural Planning, Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction
Women, particularly rural women, often face discrimination and are considered one of the most marginalized groups. Despite their active roles in various aspects such as family, agriculture, and services, they have limited access to resources and opportunities. This study focuses on the rural areas of Kaghazkonan district in Mianeh city, where a significant number of women are engaged in various activities. With the increasing presence of information and communication technology (ICT) in the region, there is a growing interest among women to utilize these tools for empowerment. This research aims to explore the impact of ICT on the empowerment of rural women in terms of psychological, political, and social dimensions.
Materials and Methods
This study adopts an applied and descriptive-analytical approach and targets rural households in 69 villages of Kaghazkonan district. A sample of 2134 women over 18 years old from 9 selected villages was surveyed using a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics, including structural equations and sample t-tests. The study considers ICT capabilities as the independent variable and women's empowerment in economic, social, political, and psychological dimensions as the dependent variable.
Results and Discussion
The findings reveal that the average age of respondents is 39.41 years, with a household size of 3.5 people. The majority of respondents are housewives, and the highest educational level is middle school and sub-diploma. The analysis of women's empowerment dimensions indicates varying levels across different aspects, with public affairs scoring the highest and decision-making the lowest. Similarly, ICT dimensions show variations, with access to ICT scoring highest and familiarity with ICT scoring lowest. Factor analysis suggests that ICT has a significant impact on psychological, political, social, and economic empowerment of rural women.
Conclusions
The study highlights the interest of village women in utilizing ICT for personal and professional development, despite limited access and familiarity with these technologies. The findings underscore the need for improved educational opportunities and awareness programs to enhance women's engagement with ICT tools.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Human Development
Gender Inequality
Digital Divide
East Azerbaijan Province
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