Introduction
This paper presents research providing a more comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by rural households in adapting to complex economic and environmental issues, particularly in the context of drought and the absence of water from the Hirmand River. Resilience is defined as the ability of an area to absorb disruptions and reorganize in the face of shocks, challenges, and changes. The Sistan region, due to its climatic conditions and the absence of the Hirmand River, has been grappling with drought for many years.
Materials and Methods
The data and information required for this research pertain to economic and environmental indicators and were gathered from documentary sources, questionnaires, and direct consultations with relevant organizations and departments.
Results and Discussion
The findings revealed that the economic and environmental resilience of farmers in the Sistan region was low during drought periods. Factors such as spatial capacity, demographic characteristics, and economic factors (such as age, income, and collateral capital) had a positive impact on overall resilience. Notably, variables like farmers' education had a negative and significant effect on the likelihood of households achieving higher resilience levels. Among these factors, income level, collateral capital, and community belonging had the most substantial impact on total resilience, accounting for 27.42%, 14.19%, and 13.95% respectively. Similarly, income level, capital, community belonging, and capacity were the key determinants of economic resilience, contributing 24%, 13.44%, 15.46%, and 8.75% respectively. In terms of environmental resilience, collateral capital, community belonging, income level, and capacity were the most influential factors, with impacts of 14.19%, 12.84%, 11.15%, and 10.18% respectively.
Conclusions
The study concluded that the economic and environmental resilience of farmers in the Sistan region against drought was low.